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Business Day Calculators

Count working days and set deadlines using the weekend pattern and public holiday calendar that actually apply to you, rather than assuming a Monday to Friday week with no holidays.

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What counts as a working day

A working day is any day that is not part of your weekend and not a public holiday. Both parts of that definition are yours to set, because neither is universal: a Friday–Saturday weekend is standard across much of the Middle East, and holiday calendars differ even between the nations of the United Kingdom.

How substitute holidays work

What happens when a holiday falls at a weekend varies by country, and it changes the answer.

  • United Kingdom and Ireland — a substitute weekday is created. When Christmas Day falls on a Sunday and Boxing Day on the Monday, the Christmas substitute moves past it to the Tuesday.
  • United States — a Saturday federal holiday is observed on the preceding Friday, and a Sunday holiday on the following Monday.
  • New Zealand — holidays are "Mondayised", with the second of a consecutive pair moving to the Tuesday.
  • Germany, France, Spain, Italy and the Netherlands — no substitute is given. A holiday at the weekend is simply lost.

Every calculator here lists the holidays it found in your range, and marks the ones that already fell at a weekend so you can see they cost you nothing.

Where counting starts

When counting working days between two dates, both endpoints are included by default: Monday to Friday is five working days. When adding working days to a date, counting starts the following day, so one working day after Friday is the next Monday. That matches how lead times and turnaround periods are normally written, and both behaviours can be changed.

Holiday calendars available

National holidays are computed from their published rules rather than stored as a fixed table, so the calendar stays correct for future years. The following are supported:

Country What is included
United Kingdom — England and Wales Bank holidays for England and Wales, including substitute days when a holiday falls at a weekend.
United Kingdom — Scotland Scottish bank holidays. Local holidays set by individual councils are not included.
United Kingdom — Northern Ireland Northern Ireland bank holidays, including St Patrick’s Day and the Battle of the Boyne.
Ireland Irish public holidays, including St Brigid’s Day from 2023 onwards.
United States Federal holidays. State and local holidays vary and are not included.
Canada Federal statutory holidays. Provincial holidays such as Family Day are not included.
Australia National holidays. State holidays and regional show days are not included.
New Zealand National public holidays with Mondayisation. Regional anniversary days are not included. Matariki is only available for gazetted years (2022 to 2052).
Germany Nationwide holidays only. Several states observe additional days such as Fronleichnam and Reformationstag.
France National holidays for metropolitan France. Alsace-Moselle observes two additional days.
Netherlands National holidays. Liberation Day is a paid day off only in some sectors.
Spain National holidays. Regional and municipal holidays are not included.
Italy National holidays. Local patron saint days are not included.

Holiday calendar last reviewed: 30 July 2026.

Before you rely on a result

These are national calendars. Regional, state, provincial and company holidays are not included, and neither are half-day closures or industry shutdowns. Where a deadline carries a legal or contractual consequence, confirm both the counting rule and the applicable holiday calendar against the agreement itself.

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